Five lakh soldiers and officers of the army. 20 commanders and an experienced field marshal. Even then, if a young king of 22 years is taken prisoner by the enemy army, then it will be considered as a weak strategy to surround the enemy, lack of enthusiasm in the military leaders. Such a king who on the advice of his field marshal has jumped into the battlefield handing over power to his brother, at least his enthusiasm, hard work, honesty, loyalty to the state and his subjects cannot be denied.
The battle of Tumu Fort is an example of this in world history. This is the story of the year 1449, when Esen Taishi attacked Ming (China) from three sides. Essen himself was standing on one front. When Ming Field Marshal Wang Zhen learned that he was under attack, he prepared his 22-year-old young and enthusiastic lover King for a quick response.
strength of five lakh soldiers
Even at that time, Ming had a military force of five lakhs. More than 20 generals led the army and Wang Zhen was their supreme commander. The Alsai army was assembled in an unplanned manner, by then Esen's army had reached inside the Great Wall of China. The enemy army badly crushed the Ming army on 3 August 1949 at a place named Yanghe.
Qing made his half-brother Zhu Qiyu the ruler and himself set out to siege the enemy. They had to surround the enemy through the Juyong Pass and the Xuanfu Wall. When he reached King Pass, the officers posted there started convincing him to go back to Beijing. They wanted King to go back. The army will do its job but here once again Chief Marshal Wang Zhen came forward and rejected the views of his own subordinates.
On the other hand, when the army reached Yanghe once again, the scene there was very frightening. There were heaps of dead bodies. Blood was visible spreading far and wide. When King reached Datong with his team on August 18, the commanders present there told Wang Zhen a new story. Said that ahead the battle in the far-flung field is going to be dangerous but this campaign will ensure our victory. From there this group moved back towards Ming.
decide to return
Field Marshal Wang Zhen decided to return by the same route from which he had come. A week later, this piece of army under the leadership of Qing reached Xuanfu. Here the army of northern youth came threatening and attacked the troop running behind in the convoy. There was a lot of bloodshed here too. After destroying this team, the enemy army scattered and killed the cavalry unit that was running behind. Somehow, the royal army reached the Tumu fort on 31 August and camped there.
Wang Zhen's associates suggested that the emperor should reach Hualai safely. Because that city is protected by walls and is only 45 kilometers away from Tumu Fort. As usual, Wang Zhen rejected this suggestion of his colleagues. Wang Zhen's decision was final. The royal army camped here.
On the other hand, as soon as Esen came to know that King Tumu was encamped in the fort, he surrounded the Ming army on September 1 and proposed negotiations. In those days, controlling the king meant controlling his entire kingdom. The Essen army knew that Ming's King was here, so he sent a proposal for talks. Field Marshal Wang Zhen ignored this proposal.
armies clashed again
The result was that once again Essen's army and King's army clashed with each other. Esen himself was not in this battle but his soldiers almost annihilated the Ming soldiers. Enemy army captured weapons and armour. Many generals of the Ming army were also killed in this battle. It is even said that Wang Zhen, who often ignored military officers and acted arbitrarily, was killed by his own colleagues. After the Field Marshal and senior generals were killed, the remaining soldiers laid down their arms. The enemy army captured the King and took him to Esen's camp, which was near Xuanfu.
Now Esen started bargaining with Ming in exchange for the return of the King, but the Ming commander Yu Qian did not listen to him and also managed to protect Beijing. Everyone together declared Zhu Qiyu, the ruler appointed by the King, as emperor. Qiu was the half-brother of the king.
Some historians are of the opinion that Essen was not listened to because he would have had to leave the chair as soon as King arrived. Essen released King after four years. As soon as he returned to Beijing, he was put under house arrest.
the army rebelled
On the other hand, Essen's army rebelled against him. The allegation was that despite having the king in hand, Essen could not bargain. Essen was also murdered in 1455. Two years later, the King regained the throne by removing his half-brother through a coup.
This battle was recorded in history because of Wang Zeng's short-sightedness, unplanned military deployment, over-enthusiasm, being over-confident, the whole state including the king came into trouble.
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