International Tibet Liberation Day is celebrated every year on 23 May all over the world, but the people of Tibet themselves celebrate this day as a black day. This is no less than a black day for the people of Tibet. On the other hand, the people of China call it a day of peace efforts. This too has its own story. There has been a dispute between Tibet and China for a long time. Tibetans consider themselves an independent country, while China considers it a part of itself.
The reason for this dispute is a claim made by China. In this, it says that Tibet was a part of China in the thirteenth century. Therefore, China has the right over this country. Tibet is not ready to accept this claim and calls itself an independent country. That is why in the year 1912, the 13th religious leader of Tibet, Dalai Lama, declared it an independent country. At that time, China did not raise any objection. However, later its intention changed.
The agreement was signed on 23 May 1951
About 40 years after Tibet was declared an independent country, communist rule began in China and then trouble struck this country. This is the year 1950. The new Chinese government gave vent to its expansionist policy and sent thousands of soldiers to attack Tibet. Tibet and China remained face to face for about eight months and China gradually occupied it. Then came that dark date for Tibet i.e. 23rd May. The year was 1951. Under pressure from China, Tibet's religious leader Dalai Lama finally had to sign an agreement with it. 17 points were included in this agreement. Only after this Tibet officially became a part of China. That is why the people of Tibet celebrate 23 May as Black Day because of losing their independence.
There were violent demonstrations across the country in 1955
However, the Dalai Lama is not ready to accept this treaty and neither do most of the people of Tibet. They say that China forced and pressurized them to sign this treaty. However, even after this treaty, China did not stop its activities and continued its expansionist policy. It continued to occupy its neighboring country, due to which anger against China started growing among the people of Tibet and in 1955, violent protests against China started all over Tibet. This is considered to be the first rebellion of Tibet against China. Thousands of people lost their lives during this violent protest.
Dalai Lama had to leave the country
Amidst these protests, in March 1959, the news spread that China was going to take the Dalai Lama hostage. After getting this information, thousands of people gathered outside the Dalai Lama's palace in Tibet. The Dalai Lama disguised himself as a soldier and escaped from Lhasa, the capital of Tibet. After escaping from there, India and the government here gave him shelter. Since then, the Dalai Lama lives in India. The Tibetan government in exile operates under his leadership in Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, for which the headquarters of the Parliament there has also been established in Dharamshala.
Elections are held for the government in exile
Elections are also held for this government. Tibetan refugees around the world vote to elect representatives for Tibet's government-in-exile. For this, the refugee Tibetans have to register first. Only those Tibetans who have been issued a 'Green Book' by the 'Central Tibetan Administration' have the right to vote and contest in this election. In fact, this book works as a kind of identity card. These people cast their votes and elect the President of Tibet, who is known by the designation Sikyong. Like India, the tenure of Tibet's Parliament is also for five years.
This is also a reason for the war between India and China
At the same time, it is also said that China did not like the fact that India gave shelter to Dalai Lama. This is considered to be the reason for the war between China and India in the year 1962. However, after a long time, in the year 2003, India accepted Tibet as a part of China. After this, China also agreed to accept Sikkim as a part of India. However, later China started going back on its words.
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